Photographer: Annamaria Bruni
Title: Women Left Behind – The Silent Wounds of Duterte’s War
Location: Philippines
Period: 03/2025 - 05/2025
Category: Solutions

This project documents the human cost of Rodrigo Duterte’s “war on drugs,” a campaign that claimed tens of thousands of lives in the Philippines. Behind the official numbers are fathers, sons, brothers, and husbands whose deaths left families broken and vulnerable.

The work focuses on the women left behind — wives, mothers, and sisters — who not only witnessed the loss of their loved ones but were also forced to confront poverty, stigma, and abandonment. Through intimate portraits and everyday scenes, the photographs reveal their extraordinary courage: women who, despite fear, intimidation, and social stigma, bravely spoke out and filed legal cases against the impunity of the police and Duterte, transforming their grief into acts of resistance and keeping the memory of the victims alive.

On March 11, 2025, former Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte was arrested and transferred to The Hague, where the International Criminal Court (ICC) seeks to convict him of crimes against humanity. As Duterte now faces trial before the ICC, these images remind us that the war on drugs wasn’t only about crime or substances — it was a war against the poor, against dignity, and against humanity itself.

The project seeks to transform statistics into faces, voices, and stories, remembering that every life lost still demands justice.



Sheerah

Family loss Brother Ephraim Escudero br Age 18 br Date of death September 2017 br Background Worked in his father s store and father of two young children br Manner of execution Found 123 km from home head wrapped in tape hands and feet tied with a sign reading Do not imitate me br Circumstances Had never used or sold drugs only fault was giving a ride to a man on the police watch list br Family situation His sister Sheeran continues to demand justice fighting against impunity and the false official narrative For speaking out she has faced a wave of online abuse branded a liar a drug addict and even accused of being paid to malign Duterte

Llore

Family loss Sons Juan Carlos Crisanto Lozano br Age 31 and 34 br Date of death May 2017 br Background Crisanto a father of four was training to be a security guard Juan Carlos worked part-time as a bill collector br Manner of execution Both disappeared one morning and were later reported on TV as killed by police in an alleged McDonald s robbery Their mother had to pay 1 500 to recover their bodies br Family situation At first afraid to seek accountability for the police killing of her sons Llore Pasco found courage through Rise Up for Life and Rights Let s not be scared Pasco says because the more we fear them the more they will try to intimidate us

Gina

Family loss Brother Rodolfo Alejandro br Age 27 br Date of death November 2016 br Background One of the first known victims of Duterte s death squads At the time he was working in Tondo Manila br Manner of execution Killed by gunfire br Circumstances Rodolfo was killed by mistake he neither used nor sold drugs br Family situation His case marked the beginning of the long chain of killings that would define Duterte s presidency Since then his sister Gina continues to fight for justice

Evangelita

Family loss Son Jerry Boy Dimaliwat br Age 33 br Date of death July 2018 br Background Jerry worked occasionally in construction and at the fish port He struggled with dependence on shabu methamphetamine which led to his inclusion on the police watch list br Manner of execution He was taken by the police to an isolated street where he was shot br Family situation He was the only son of Evangelita who decided to file a case against the police Today she is part of a support group for victims of the drug war and works at a candle-making shop run by the church in Navotas

Jessy

Family loss brother Djastin Lopez br Age 23 br Date of death May 2017 br Background Djastin was killed during an anti-drug police operation br Manner of execution He was shot dead by Staff Sgt Gerry Ge alope who later admitted to the killing Witnesses said a policeman shot Djastin while the youth begged for his life slapped him while he writhed on the ground with the onset of an epileptic attack and then shot him again repeatedly br Family situation Djastin was the son of Normita Lopez who has tirelessly fought for justice She wrote letters and poems to her dead son while campaigning against extrajudicial killings joining cases against President Duterte before the ICC After years of struggle the Ombudsman approved the filing of a murder case and ordered Ge alope s dismissal from service Together with Djastin s sister Jessy Normita continues to demand justice

Mike

Family loss Brothers Antony J Ar and Angelo br Date of death 2016 and 2023 br Background Mike lost three brothers JR a student struggled with alcoholism Antony and Angelo both workers in Navotas had never used drugs br Manner of execution JR was taken by police to an isolated street and shot Antony and Angelo were killed at a neighbor s house where the homeowner was also shot br Circumstances None of the brothers were involved in drugs Their deaths show how extrajudicial killings often targeted innocent people leaving families and communities in grief br Family situation Mike now lives with the loss of all three brothers a stark reminder of the devastating ripple effects of violence She views their deaths not only as murders but as the failure of a system that denied them opportunity and dignity

Gina

Name Roberto Serrano br Age 43 br Date of death April 4 2017 br Location Caloocan City br Background Husband of Gina Serrano His name appeared on the police watch list which often included not only drug users and dealers but also people accused of other undesirable activities Roberto managed an illegal electricity distribution business providing cheap power to his neighborhood br Manner of execution He was killed by gunfire br Family situation This is one of many cases where killings were unrelated to drugs During Duterte s rule even those accused of minor offenses like fraud or gambling were targeted in the poorest areas of Manila Gina recalls the horrific murder of her husband which her 9-year-old son was forced to witness as police shot him in the back With support from Father Jun and the Navotas Church she was able to find a small job to care for her son

Lydjay

Family loss Husband and daughter Renato and Myka Ulpina br Age Renato 41 Myka 3 br Date of death June 29 2019 br Background Renato was on the police watch list for drugs Myka 3 years old was the youngest known victim of Duterte s war on drugs Child rights groups in the Philippines report that more than 100 children have died since the campaign began in June 2016 br Manner of execution In the middle of the night seven masked men later identified as police officers Conrado Cabigao and Mark Jherson Olano stormed the family home The family of seven was asleep upstairs when glass windows were broken Renato removed the windows to escape onto the roof His wife Lydjay Acopio marshalled the children downstairs as the armed men ordered them at gunpoint to lie on the floor As they descended Lydjay heard shooting and Renato screaming Myka followed her father and was fatally shot through the ceiling Renato also died at the scene br Family situation Lydjay Acopio Renato s wife and Myka s mother was left widowed with four surviving children She continues to cope with the loss of her husband and toddler while raising her remaining children Today she has found support and employment through Silingan Coffee at the Baclaran Church a program that provides jobs to families of victims of alleged extrajudicial killings during the Philippine war on drugs

Mary Ann

Family loss Husband and son Luis Gabriel Bonifacio br Age Luis 45 Gabriel 19 father of a 12-day-old baby br Date of death September 2016 br Background Mary Ann lost both her husband and her son Luis had struggled with shabu methamphetamine in the past while Gabriel worked as a waiter and had just become a father br Manner of execution During the night police cut the streetlights raided the house and forced both men outside They were shot by officers in what Mary Ann and observers consider an extrajudicial killing preparations for the funeral and criminal investigation were already underway before the men were even confirmed dead br Family situation Mary Ann spent years in despair caring for six children her daughter-in-law and her grandchild She won a legal case against the perpetrators but the officers involved were never imprisoned The trial of the accused police officers began in late 2021 at the Regional Trial Court of Caloocan one of the few trials for victims of Duterte s drug war

Evangelina

Family loss Son-in-law Kenneth Dabu br Age 27 br Date of death September 2016 br Background Husband of Evangelina s daughter struggling with drug dependence Father of young children br Manner of execution Shot by four policemen during a night raid in front of his family br Family situation Evangelina has since helped her daughter raise the children left fatherless

Purisima

Family Loss Danilo Dacumos br Date of death August 3 2017 br Background Arrested earlier that year for illegal gambling and released on bail of 10 000 pesos Father of five children br Manner of execution One night seven plainclothes police officers the same who had previously arrested him entered his home Danilo was ordered outside raised his hands in surrender and was shot in front of his wife daughter and grandchildren Police later claimed self-defense br Family situation His wife Purisima Dacumos initially withdrew in grief br With the support of Rise Up she regained the strength to take action and on August 28 filed a case against Duterte for crimes against humanity at the International Criminal Court ICC br She now helps other women who lost loved ones in the drug war encouraging them to seek justice

Mary Grace

Family Loss Father and brother Marcelo and Joseph br Age Marcelo 52 Joseph 27 br Date of death 2016 br Background Marcelo had been involved in selling drugs since Joseph was a child Joseph had never used methamphetamine At the time Duterte s drug war had just begun and police watch lists were not yet in place br Manner of execution Around 1 a m police ordered Marcelo to get dressed to go to the station as soon as he stepped outside they shot him Joseph sleeping inside a Philippine tuk-tuk woke up and screamed in despair Police then grabbed Joseph accused him of killing his father took him to a remote location tied him up and executed him br Family situation Their daughter and sister Mary Grace Garganta was forced to become the breadwinner for her five siblings and three children She endured false charges and imprisonment before being acquitted and continues to fight for justice against impunity through the ICC